Geospatial technology in morphological study of drought prone Sakri basin of eastern India
Morphological study of Sakri basin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v10i03.13771Keywords:
Basin geometry, morphometry, hydrologic behaviour, Sakri riverAbstract
This main aims of this study is to analyze the morphometric parameters including linear, aerial and relief characteristics of the Sakri watershed of Bihar and Jharkhand which is prone to both erosion and sedimentation using remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS). The geomorphological parameters were extracted from SRTM Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using ArcGIS 10.5 and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The Sakri watershed is covered by 1744.85 km2 with dendritic drainage patterns. Results showed that the stream order varied from 1 to 6. Drainage density and relief of the watershed were 1.18 km-1 and 0.622 km, respectively. The results of mean bifurcation ratio (1.86), drainage intensity (1.09 km-1) and constant of channel maintenance (0.85 km) showed that Sakri watershed is an elongated shape with high risk to flooding and soil erosion. However, significantly high values of infiltration number (1.52) and ruggedness number (0.74) obtained are indicative of very low infiltration which may result in high surface runoff and soil erosion. The hypsometric curve of the basin indicated that the watershed was in equilibrium stage. The results are very beneficial for developing and designing conservation structures of soil and water and groundwater recharge on watershed basis.
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